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KMID : 1206220230300010031
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Journal of Korean Academy of Physical Therapy Science
2023 Volume.30 No. 1 p.31 ~ p.40
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Knee extension test for assessing hamstring flexibility
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Lim Woo-Taek
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Abstract
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Hamstring flexibility is an important factor that affects muscle performance of the lower extremities and is closely associated with sports injuries. Therefore, evaluation of flexibility is important in clinical practice. Results of evaluation are determined by types of tests and cut-off values used; therefore, accurate and detailed understanding of these is necessary before examination. Although the straight leg raise and sit and reach tests are used to evaluate hamstring extensibility, structures including the nerves, fascia, and other muscles can significantly confound the re- sults of these tests. The knee extension test is performed at 90° of hip flexion to minimize the posterior pelvic tilt that occurs during the straight leg test. The knee extension test is most recommended for selective evaluation of hamstring flexibility. The knee extension test is classified into active and passive tests. The cut-off value is usually set at 20° for the active and at 10° for the passive knee extension test. Although a strong association is observed between the two tests, the active knee extension test is preferred in clinical practice because it can be performed by a single ex- aminer, which serves as an advantage. Age, sex, and warm-up exercise tend to affect flexibility; therefore, results should be interpreted with caution. Detailed understanding of each flexibility test is important for reliable evaluation.
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KEYWORD
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active knee extension test, hamstrings flexibility, sit and reach test, straight leg raise test
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